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Document ID ca-gcdwqgtd-2014-02-05-13 Title Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document – Turbidity URL https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/healthy-living/guidelines-canadian-drinking-water-quality-turbidity/page-14-guidelines-canadian-drinking-water-quality-turbidity.html Jurisdiction /ca Subdomain(s) Drinking water, Water treatment Language en Status completed Analyzed at 2026-03-17 15:02:29.995126+00:00 Relevance Defines pathogen log removal credits for water treatment technologies.

7 Qualitative 21 Quantitative 0 Definitions

Q Qualitative Requirements (7)

Req ID	Category	Intent	Legal Status	Name	Subdomain(s)	Context	Conditions	Confidence
#Q001	treatment	treatment	recommended	Multi-barrier approach for physical log removal credits	drinking water	Under the multi-barrier approach to drinking water treatment, pathogen physical log removal credits should be used in conjunction with disinfection credits to meet or exceed overall treatment goals.	Applicable when using physical log removal credits as part of a multi-barrier approach	high
#Q002	administrative	operational	guidance	Higher log reduction credit approval	drinking water	Facilities that believe they can achieve a higher log credit than is automatically given can be granted a log reduction credit based on a demonstration of performance by the appropriate regulatory agency.	When facilities seek higher log credits than automatically assigned	high
#Q003	administrative	operational	guidance	Bag and cartridge filtration removal credits	drinking water	Note: The values specified in section 1.0 do not apply to bag and cartridge filtration. Cryptosporidium and Giardia removal credit may be established by the responsible authority based on demonstration using challenge testing.	When assessing removal credits for bag and cartridge filtration	high
#Q004	operational	operational	guidance	Challenge testing for bag and cartridge filter units	drinking water	Challenge testing is product specific; therefore, each manufacturer or third party can challenge test the filter unit to obtain a removal rating.		high
#Q005	monitoring	operational	mandatory	Membrane filtration log removal credit conditions	drinking water	Microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis can receive log removal credit for Cryptosporidium , Giardia and nanofiltration and reverse osmosis can receive log removal credit for viruses if the process establishes a removal efficiency through challenge testing that can be verified by direct integrity testing and undergoes periodic direct integrity testing and continuous indirect integrity monitoring during use.	To receive log removal credits for membrane filtration processes	high
#Q006	administrative	reporting	mandatory	Maximum removal credit for membrane filtration	drinking water	The maximum removal credit that a membrane filtration process is eligible to receive is equal to the lower value of either the removal efficiency demonstrated during challenge testing or the maximum log removal value that can be verified through the direct integrity test (i.e., integrity test sensitivity) used to monitor the membrane filtration process	When calculating the maximum eligible removal credit for membrane filtration	high
#Q007	administrative	operational	guidance	Log removal credit thresholds for bag and cartridge filtration	drinking water	Under the U.S. EPA's LT2ESWTR, bag and cartridge filtration processes may receive a 1-log removal credit for Cryptosporidium for bag filtration that shows a minimum of 2-log removal in challenge testing and a 2-log removal credit for cartridge filtration showing a minimum of 3-log removal in challenge testing (U.S EPA, 2006b).	Applicable when establishing removal credits for bag and cartridge filtration systems via challenge testing	high

P Quantitative Requirements (21)

Req ID	Category	Intent	Legal Status	Name	Subdomain(s)	Limit Type	Limit Value	Context	Conditions	Confidence
#P001	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium removal credit - Conventional filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	3.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Cryptosporidium when treated water meets the turbidity values specified in this guideline technical document.	Conventional filtration	high
#P002	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Giardia removal credit - Conventional filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	3.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Giardia when treated water meets the turbidity values specified in this guideline technical document.	Conventional filtration	high
#P003	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Virus removal credit - Conventional filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	2.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for viruses when treated water meets the turbidity values specified in this guideline technical document.	Conventional filtration	high
#P004	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium removal credit - Direct filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	2.5 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Cryptosporidium.	Direct filtration	high
#P005	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Giardia removal credit - Direct filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	2.5 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Giardia.	Direct filtration	high
#P006	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Virus removal credit - Direct filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	1.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for viruses.	Direct filtration	high
#P007	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium removal credit - Slow sand filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	3.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Cryptosporidium.	Slow sand filtration	high
#P008	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Giardia removal credit - Slow sand filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	3.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Giardia.	Slow sand filtration	high
#P009	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Virus removal credit - Slow sand filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	2.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for viruses.	Slow sand filtration	high
#P010	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium removal credit - Diatomaceous earth filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	3.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Cryptosporidium.	Diatomaceous earth filtration	high
#P011	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Giardia removal credit - Diatomaceous earth filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	3.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for Giardia.	Diatomaceous earth filtration	high
#P012	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Virus removal credit - Diatomaceous earth filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	1.0 log	Average potential removal credits estimated for viruses.	Diatomaceous earth filtration	high
#P013	physical	operational	unknown	Turbidity (IESWTR 95th-percentile)	drinking water	requirement	<= 0.3 NTU	IESWTR turbidity requirements (combined filter effluent 95th-percentile value)	Conventional filtration plants in compliance will achieve a minimum 2-log removal of Cryptosporidium	medium
#P014	physical	operational	unknown	Turbidity (IESWTR maximum)	drinking water	requirement	1.0 NTU	IESWTR turbidity requirements (maximum value)	Conventional filtration plants	medium
#P015	physical	operational	unknown	Turbidity (SWTR 95th-percentile)	drinking water	requirement	<= 1 NTU	Turbidity performance standards established under the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)	Slow sand and diatomaceous earth filtration	medium
#P016	physical	operational	unknown	Turbidity (SWTR maximum)	drinking water	requirement	5 NTU	Turbidity performance standards established under the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)	Slow sand and diatomaceous earth filtration	medium
#P017	physical	operational	unknown	Turbidity (SWTR 95th-percentile)	drinking water	requirement	0.5 NTU	Credits intended for a higher 95th-percentile turbidity performance standard recommended under the U.S. EPA's SWTR.	Giardia and virus removal credits	medium
#P018	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium minimum removal in challenge testing - Bag filtration	drinking water	requirement	2 log	Minimum removal required in challenge testing to receive a 1-log removal credit.	Bag filtration	high
#P019	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium removal credit - Bag filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	1 log	Removal credit received if showing a minimum of 2-log removal in challenge testing.	Bag filtration	high
#P020	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium minimum removal in challenge testing - Cartridge filtration	drinking water	requirement	3 log	Minimum removal required in challenge testing to receive a 2-log removal credit.	Cartridge filtration	high
#P021	microbiological	treatment	guideline	Cryptosporidium removal credit - Cartridge filtration	drinking water	treatment_goal	2 log	Removal credit received if showing a minimum of 3-log removal in challenge testing.	Cartridge filtration	high

D Definitions (0)

No definitions.