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Document ID us-echohp Title Enforcement and Compliance History Online Home Page URL https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations Jurisdiction /us Subdomain(s) none Language Status completed Analyzed at 2026-05-12 04:35:31.625953+00:00 Relevance inventory_targeted_fetch

9 Qualitative 29 Quantitative 42 Definitions

Q Qualitative Requirements (9)

Req ID	Category	Intent	Legal Status	Name	Subdomain(s)	Context	Conditions	Confidence
#Q001	treatment	treatment	mandatory	Surface water treatment techniques	drinking water	EPA's surface water treatment rules require systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water to 1. Disinfect their water, and 2. Filter their water, or 3. Meet criteria for avoiding filtration so that the following contaminants are controlled	Applies to systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water	high
#Q002	operational	treatment	mandatory	Cryptosporidium watershed control for unfiltered systems	drinking water	Unfiltered systems are required to include Cryptosporidium in their existing watershed control provisions	Unfiltered systems	high
#Q003	operational	treatment	mandatory	Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule compliance	drinking water	Surface water systems or groundwater under the direct influence (GWUDI) systems serving fewer than 10,000 people must comply with the applicable Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule provisions (such as turbidity standards, individual filter monitoring, Cryptosporidium removal requirements, updated watershed control requirements for unfiltered systems).	Surface water systems or groundwater under the direct influence (GWUDI) systems serving fewer than 10,000 people	high
#Q004	treatment	treatment	mandatory	Filter Backwash Recycling provisions	drinking water	This rule requires systems that recycle to return specific recycle flows through all processes of the system's existing conventional or direct filtration system or at an alternate location approved by the state.	Applies to systems that recycle specific recycle flows	high
#Q005	monitoring	health	mandatory	Total coliform positive sample analysis	drinking water	Every sample that has total coliform must be analyzed for either fecal coliforms or E. coli	If a sample has total coliform	high
#Q006	treatment	treatment	mandatory	Corrosiveness control for lead and copper	drinking water	Lead and copper are regulated by a treatment technique that requires systems to control the corrosiveness of their water.		high
#Q007	corrective_action	health	mandatory	Action level exceedance response for lead and copper	drinking water	If more than 10% of tap water samples exceed the action level, water systems must take additional steps.	If more than 10% of tap water samples exceed the action level	high
#Q008	administrative	reporting	mandatory	Acrylamide and epichlorohydrin certification	drinking water	Each water system must certify, in writing, to the state (using third-party or manufacturer's certification) that when acrylamide and epichlorohydrin are used to treat water, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level does not exceed the levels specified	When acrylamide and epichlorohydrin are used to treat water	high
#Q009	prohibition	health	recommended	Wilson's Disease copper medical consultation	drinking water	People with Wilson's Disease should consult their personal doctor if the amount of copper in their water exceeds the action level	If the amount of copper in their water exceeds the action level	high

P Quantitative Requirements (29)

Req ID	Category	Intent	Legal Status	Name	Subdomain(s)	Limit Type	Limit Value	Context	Conditions	Confidence
#P001	microbiological	health	mandatory	Total Coliforms (including fecal coliform and E. Coli)	drinking water	MAC	5.0 %	No more than 5.0% samples total coliform-positive (TC-positive) in a month.	For water systems that collect fewer than 40 routine samples per month, no more than one sample can be total coliform-positive per month.	high
#P002	microbiological	health	mandatory	Giardia lamblia	drinking water	requirement	99.9 %	99.9% removal/inactivation.	EPA's surface water treatment rules require systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water to disinfect and filter their water.	high
#P003	microbiological	health	mandatory	Viruses	drinking water	requirement	99.99 %	99.99% removal/inactivation.	EPA's surface water treatment rules require systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water.	high
#P004	physical	treatment	mandatory	Turbidity	drinking water	MAC	1 NTU	For systems that use conventional or direct filtration, at no time can turbidity go higher than 1 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU).	Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water.	high
#P005	physical	treatment	mandatory	Turbidity	drinking water	MAC	<= 0.3 NTU	samples for turbidity must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTUs in at least 95 percent of the samples in any month.	For systems that use conventional or direct filtration.	high
#P006	microbiological	health	mandatory	Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC)	drinking water	MAC	500 bacterial colonies per milliliter	No more than 500 bacterial colonies per milliliter.	EPA's surface water treatment rules require systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water.	high
#P007	chemical	health	mandatory	Bromate	drinking water	MAC	0.010 mg/L	MCL for Bromate		high
#P008	chemical	health	mandatory	Chlorite	drinking water	MAC	1.0 mg/L	MCL for Chlorite		high
#P009	chemical	health	mandatory	Haloacetic acids (HAA5)	drinking water	MAC	0.060 mg/L	MCL for Haloacetic acids		high
#P010	chemical	health	mandatory	Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)	drinking water	MAC	0.080 mg/L	MCL for Total Trihalomethanes		high
#P011	chemical	treatment	mandatory	Chloramines (as Cl2)	drinking water	requirement	4.0 mg/L	MRDL=4.0 for Chloramines	Water additive used to control microbes	high
#P012	chemical	treatment	mandatory	Chlorine (as Cl2)	drinking water	requirement	4.0 mg/L	MRDL=4.0 for Chlorine	Water additive used to control microbes	high
#P013	chemical	treatment	mandatory	Chlorine dioxide (as ClO2)	drinking water	requirement	0.8 mg/L	MRDL=0.8 for Chlorine dioxide	Water additive used to control microbes	high
#P014	chemical	health	mandatory	Antimony	drinking water	MAC	0.006 mg/L	MCL for Antimony		high
#P015	chemical	health	mandatory	Arsenic	drinking water	MAC	0.010 mg/L	MCL for Arsenic as of 01/23/06		high
#P016	physical	health	mandatory	Asbestos (fiber > 10 micrometers)	drinking water	MAC	7 MFL	MCL for Asbestos		high
#P017	chemical	health	mandatory	Barium	drinking water	MAC	2 mg/L	MCL for Barium		high
#P018	chemical	health	mandatory	Copper	drinking water	requirement	1.3 mg/L	Action Level=1.3 for Copper	If more than 10% of tap water samples exceed the action level, water systems must take additional steps.	high
#P019	chemical	health	mandatory	Lead	drinking water	requirement	0.010 mg/L	Action Level=0.010 for Lead	If more than 10% of tap water samples exceed the action level, water systems must take additional steps.	high
#P020	chemical	health	mandatory	Nitrate (measured as Nitrogen)	drinking water	MAC	10 mg/L	MCL for Nitrate		high
#P021	chemical	health	mandatory	Nitrite (measured as Nitrogen)	drinking water	MAC	1 mg/L	MCL for Nitrite		high
#P022	chemical	health	mandatory	Benzene	drinking water	MAC	0.005 mg/L	MCL for Benzene		high
#P023	chemical	health	mandatory	PFOA	drinking water	MAC	0.0000040 mg/L	MCL for PFOA		high
#P024	chemical	health	mandatory	PFOS	drinking water	MAC	0.0000040 mg/L	MCL for PFOS		high
#P025	radiological	health	mandatory	Alpha particles	drinking water	MAC	15 pCi/L	MCL for Alpha particles		high
#P026	radiological	health	mandatory	Beta particles and photon emitters	drinking water	MAC	4 millirems per year	MCL for Beta particles and photon emitters		high
#P027	radiological	health	mandatory	Radium 226 and Radium 228 (combined)	drinking water	MAC	5 pCi/L	MCL for Radium 226 and Radium 228 combined		high
#P028	radiological	health	mandatory	Uranium	drinking water	MAC	30 ug/L	MCL for Uranium as of 12/08/03		high
#P029	design	treatment	mandatory	Sediment Basin Storage Capacity	wastewater	requirement	2 year, 24-hour storm event	If you install a sediment basin, one of the two alternative design requirements is to provide storage for the calculated volume of runoff from a 2-year, 24-hour storm.	Applicable when a sediment basin is installed as a stormwater control.	high

D Definitions (42)

Req ID	Name	Context	Confidence
#D001	Source of water for reuse purposes	A source of water for reuse purposes is any alternative water source that can help offset the demand for traditional freshwater supplies.	high
#D002	Treated municipal wastewater	Treated wastewater effluent discharged from a centralized wastewater treatment plant of any size. Other terms referring to this source of water include domestic wastewater, treated wastewater effluent, reclaimed water, and treated sewage.	high
#D003	Onsite collected waters	Water sources generated within or surrounding a building, residence, or district. Other terms referring to this source of water include greywater, blackwater, air conditioning condensate, and foundation water. Rainwater collected onsite is a unique source water.	high
#D004	Industry process water	Water produced during industrial and manufacturing processes. Other terms referring to this source of water include air handling condensate, boiler, cooling or wash water, and water generated during oil and natural gas extraction.	high
#D005	Stormwater	Precipitation that is collected from land or impervious surfaces at a district or regional scale (e.g., using a municipal storm drain) for the purpose of beneficial reuse. Precipitation collection at the building scale is classified separately under 'rainwater collected onsite.’	high
#D006	Rainwater collected onsite	Precipitation that is collected at a building scale ⁠for the purpose of beneficial reuse within or surrounding the building. Precipitation collected at the district or regional scale is classified separately under 'stormwater.'	high
#D007	Reuse application	A reuse application is the recycling of an alternative source of water that is adequately treated for its intended use.	high
#D008	Potable water reuse	The use of highly treated recycled water for drinking water purposes. Includes the introduction of recycled water into an environmental buffer, such as groundwater aquifer or surface reservoir being withdrawn for potable purposes (indirect potable reuse), and the introduction of recycled water into a drinking water treatment facility or directly into a potable water distribution system (direct potable reuse).	high
#D009	Onsite non-potable water reuse	Water from onsite sources collected, treated, and used for non-potable purposes at the single-building or district scale. Excludes the use of recycled water from a centralized treatment and distribution system for landscaping or commercial uses (refer to “Water reuse for landscaping” and “Centralized non-potable reuse”).	high
#D010	Centralized non-potable reuse	The use of recycled water for centralized non-potable reuse where the water does not derive from the same site where it is to be reused. Can include, but is not limited to, toilet flushing, dust control, soil compaction, fire protection, commercial laundries, vehicle washing, street cleaning, snowmaking, and other similar uses. Excludes on-site non-potable water reuse and the use of recycled water for agriculture or landscaping.	high
#D011	Water reuse for agriculture	The use of recycled water to land to assist in the production of both commercially and non-commercially processed food crops consumed by humans or livestock and non-food crops. Includes pasture for milking and non-milking animals, fodder, fiber, and seed crops, vineyards, orchards, ornamental nursery stock, Christmas trees, and silviculture. Excludes consumption by livestock, onsite non-potable reuse, and landscaping.	high
#D012	Water reuse for landscaping	The use of recycled water on land to assist in the irrigation of vegetation in residential and non-residential areas. Includes impoundments to store water for irrigation , ornamental vegetation, parks, school yards, sporting facilities (including golf courses), private gardens, roadsides and greenbelts, and cemeteries. Excludes irrigation of areas used for agriculture, commercial reuse applications, or any centralized onsite non-potable reuse.	high
#D013	Water reuse for consumption by livestock	The use of recycled water for livestock drinking water supplies. Excludes physical application of reclaimed water to pasture for milking and non-milking animals, forage crops used as animal feed, and land used for livestock grazing.	high
#D014	Water reuse for environmental restoration	The use of recycled water to create, sustain, or augment water bodies including wetlands, aquatic habitats, or stream flow. Includes groundwater or aquifer recharge for protection from saltwater intrusion , stream flow augmentation and wildlife habitat, and source water protection.	high
#D015	Water reuse for impoundments	The use of recycled water in an impoundment (body of water within an enclosure). This includes both unrestricted (use of reclaimed water in an impoundment in which no limitations are imposed on body-contact water recreation activities) and restricted (use of reclaimed water in an impoundment where body contact is restricted). Includes recreational impoundments, aesthetic impoundments, and ornamental impoundments with and without public access. Excludes landscaping impoundments and storage of recycled water intended for other specific reuse applications (e.g., for agricultural irrigation).	high
#D016	Water reuse for industry	The use of recycled water for industrial applications, often created at the industrial facility. This includes recycled water generated through onsite processes such as boiler water, cooling water, manufacturing water, and oil and gas production, as well as recycled water generated offsite and imported elsewhere for industrial reuse applications.	high
#D017	REUSExplorer	Regulations and End-Use Specifications Explorer	high
#D018	indirect potable reuse	the introduction of recycled water into an environmental buffer, such as groundwater aquifer or surface reservoir being withdrawn for potable purposes	high
#D019	direct potable reuse	the introduction of recycled water into a drinking water treatment facility or directly into a potable water distribution system	high
#D020	unrestricted	use of reclaimed water in an impoundment in which no limitations are imposed on body-contact water recreation activities	high
#D021	restricted	use of reclaimed water in an impoundment where body contact is restricted	high
#D022	Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)	The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety and are non-enforceable public health goals.	high
#D023	Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)	The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards.	high
#D024	Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG)	The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.	high
#D025	Treatment Technique (TT)	A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.	high
#D026	Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL)	The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.	high
#D027	Milligrams per liter (mg/L)	Milligrams per liter are equivalent to parts per million (PPM).	high
#D028	Turbidity	Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of water. It is used to indicate water quality and filtration effectiveness (such as whether disease-causing organisms are present).	high
#D029	Health Based Water Concentration (HBWC)	the level below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur	high
#D030	GIS	Geographical Information Systems	high
#D031	TMDL	Total Maximum Daily Load	high
#D032	WATERS	Watershed Assessment, Tracking & Environmental Results System	high
#D033	RAD	Reach Address Database	high
#D034	WQS	Water Quality Standards	high
#D035	.gov website	A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.	high
#D036	states	States, territories and authorized tribes	high
#D037	Integrated Report	Integrated Report, which combines Clean Water Act Sections 303(d) and 305(b)	high
#D038	Actions	Plans, such as Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), Alternative Restoration Plans, Protection Plans, etc., associated with the water	high
#D039	Control table	The Control table indicates the latest data available for each state.	high
#D040	HTTPS	A lock (Lock A locked padlock) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website.	high
#D041	NHDPlus	National Hydrography Dataset Plus	high
#D042	OW	Office of Water	high